Made2Verify: A Scalable GS1-Compliant Resolver and Fallback Dashboard for Digital Product Passports

Abstract

In the transition towards a circular economy, Digital Product Passports (DPPs) provide essential product information throughout extended lifecycles. However, maintaining data accessibility presents significant challenges when companies change or cease operations.

This paper introduces Made2Verify, a novel resolver and fallback dashboard architecture that acts as an intermediary between physical product identifiers (e.g. QR codes, NFC tags) and DPP data repositories. Instead of embedding static data or links, the system uses a dynamic, GS1-compliant redirection mechanism to route users to appropriate data sources based on lifecycle stage, authentication requirements, and endpoint availability.

Key innovations include:

• Lifecycle-aware redirection, adapting access as products move from design to end-of-life
• Fallback capabilities, preserving essential data when manufacturers cease operations

The system was implemented and validated using an Open Reference Remanufacture Part (ORRP) in both lab and production environments. Results demonstrate the resolver’s ability to maintain consistent data accessibility despite organisational and infrastructure changes.

Overall, the approach enhances DPP longevity and accessibility, addressing a critical gap between physical products and their digital records, while ensuring consumer-accessible information persists beyond OEM discontinuities.

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Project

Remake Digital Product Passports

Partners

National Manufacturing Institute Scotland, University of Strathclyde

Publication

Procedia Computer Science, Volume 277, Pages 1744–1751 (2026)

Authors

Scott Ronald Howie, Syed Munawar, Andreas Reimer, Stephen Fitzpatrick